Ramagupta and Devi Chandraguptam: A Tale of Valor and Betrayal

The Story of Ramagupta: Devi Chandraguptam - OPSC History Optional

Q: Mention a popular story about Ramgupta as referred to in a dramatic work Devi Chandraguptam along with other related details.

Introduction

The historical existence of Ramagupta, supposedly the elder brother of Chandragupta II, was once considered a myth until the discovery of fragments of the play Devi Chandraguptam by Vishakhadatta. This dramatic work provides a controversial narrative that challenges the traditional Gupta genealogy. Historian A.S. Altekar strongly argued for the historicity of this account, citing supporting evidence from inscriptions and later literary works like the Harshacharita.

Body: The Narrative and Supporting Details

The plot of Devi Chandraguptam revolves around a moment of dynastic crisis:

  • The Conflict: According to the play, Ramagupta was a weak ruler who was besieged by a Saka King. To save his kingdom, Ramagupta agreed to a humiliating peace treaty by surrendering his queen, Dhruvadevi, to the enemy.
  • The Heroic Intervention: Enraged by this cowardice, his younger brother Chandragupta II disguised himself as the Queen and entered the Saka camp. He successfully assassinated the Saka tyrant, restoring the Gupta honor.
  • Aftermath: Following the victory, Chandragupta II eventually killed the incapable Ramagupta, married Dhruvadevi, and ascended the throne as Vikramaditya.
  • Supporting Evidence: The story is corroborated by the Sanjan Copper Plates of Amoghavarsha and the discovery of copper coins bearing the name 'Ramagupta' in Vidisha. Furthermore, the Majmat-ul-Tawarikh provides a Persian version of this very legend.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while Devi Chandraguptam is a literary drama, it likely rests on a historical kernel. The episode portrays the transition from the weak leadership of Ramagupta to the imperial zenith under Chandragupta II. This narrative highlights how personal merit and military prowess were prioritized over primogeniture during the Golden Age of the Guptas, ensuring the survival of the empire against foreign threats.

Total Word Count: 244 words